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Rediminds

How AI based Clinical Decisioning Tools Can Lower Premature Deaths From Chronic Diseases

 

Chronic diseases are responsible for a significant portion of the time and money that the healthcare industry spends on an ongoing basis. In fact, it is estimated that approximately 60 percent of American adults suffer from at least one chronic disease.

 

In a new study exploring AI predictions of premature patient deaths that was conducted by the University of Nottingham, a number of machine learning and cox regression models were compared in terms of their prediction performance.

 
Machine Learning Algorithms Outperform Traditional Approaches
Models developed took into account the demographics, biometrics, and lifestyle factors such as the dietary habits for each individual. After making the prediction, the results were tracked and directly compared against the 2016 death record information provided by other national sources. This allowed them to calculate how accurately the ML algorithms could predict premature deaths caused by chronic diseases.  Deep learning model and Random Forest model out performed multivariate cox regression model which was focused on limited number of variables.

 
How AI Identifies the Risk of Chronic Diseases More Effectively
When compared against standard human-developed prediction models, which in this case was a Cox regression and a multivariate Cox model, the random forest and deep learning AI models were shown to be significantly more accurate. In fact, they were approximately 10 percent more accurate than the Cox regression and over 3 percent more accurate than the multivariate Cox model.


Even this slight increase in predictive accuracy can have significant impacts in care delivery throughout the United States and with active feedback loops, these models can be improved to reduce the 23 to 25 million premature deaths that the U.S. suffers every year.


By replacing the traditional approaches for model development with Deep Learning architectures and algorithms the next generation of clinical decisioning tools can be prospectively deployed into clinical settings.  These more promising AI models can potentially detect and save millions of lives that are prematurely dying from chronic diseases.  This mechanism can provide the clinicians an observation window wherein an adverse event is foreseen, and risk level assessed with an opportunity to administer appropriate preventative care and potentially avert the complications and premature death.


Through further testing, this team of healthcare data scientists will be able to determine just how successful this AI predictive model would be with other population groups. With enough progress, these models could soon be successfully used by doctors and other medical professionals in the treatment of chronic diseases as part of routine healthcare.


Of course, the prediction of premature deaths in chronic disease patients is only one of many white space opportunities where AI can be used to improve clinical care.  To get more industry news regarding the use of artificial intelligence in clinical care, make sure to subscribe to our blog at RediMinds.

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Nikhil Vasdev

Nikhil Vasdev is a Consultant Urological and Robotic Surgeon at the Hertfordshire and South Bedfordshire Urological Cancer Centre, Lister Hospital, UK and is a Senior Clinical Lecturer at the University of Hertfordshire leading Robotic Surgical and Urology Research.

Vasdev is the Prostate Cancer module lead at the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh / University of Edinburgh. He is an international accredited proctor in Robotic Urology and operates regularly in Asia and Europe.

Vasdev’s specialist interest is Urologic Oncology (Clinical and Academic). He specializes in both Robotic Prostate and Bladder cancer surgery (Robotic Prostatectomy with intra-operative Frozen section of prostate (NeuroSAFE) and extended pelvic lymph node dissection and Robotic Cystectomy) and kidney surgery (Robotic Nephrectomy and Robotic Pyeloplasty). He has performed 500 Robotic Urological procedures in 4.5 years as a consultant and continues to be amongst the highest volume robotic urology cancer surgeons in the UK with excellent patient outcomes.

Ajay Sharma

Ajay Sharma is currently a Director of Core Surgical Training, Northwest of England. He is also a Consultant Surgeon at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital, and a consultant in Emergency Surgery at the Arrowe Park Hospital.

At the age of 15, Sharma joined Meerut University (UP, India) and passed B.Sc. (Honours in Chemistry) two years later. In 1985, he completed his medical graduation training at the leading medical school in India, the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi.

Sharma had his post graduate degree at the Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh (PGI). He then worked as a Locum Consultant Transplant Surgeon at Royal Liverpool University Hospital. His specialties include transplant, vascular access, laparoscopic nephrectomy for donors and for polycystic kidneys, laparoscopic repair of hernia.

Dr. Rajesh Ahlawat

Dr. Rajesh Ahlawat is currently Group Chairman, Institute of Urology and Robotic Surgery at Medanta, the Medicity in the National Capital Region of Delhi, India. He is an accomplished Endourologist, Laparoscopic and Robotic surgeon. He has been invited to workshops around the world for live demonstration of complex Robotic and laparoscopic surgeries like partial nephrectomy and radical prostatectomy and renal transplantation.

He has also pioneered the world’s first Robotic Kidney Transplant with regional Hypothermia technique in collaboration with Professor Mani Menon at Vattikuti Urology Institute, Detroit.

He is a recipient of the 2016 President’s Gold Medal by USI. Dr. Ahlawat has also served on the Board of Directors of Endourology Society. He was honored with the title of Honorary Lecturer by the University College London Hospitals, U.K. in 1995 during his stint at Institute of Urology and Nephrology. He was awarded Best Reviewer award for 2013 by Indian Journal of Urology.

Luke Reisner

PhD

Luke Reisner, PhD, is an Adjunct Assistant Professor in Electrical & Computer Engineering, and a Part-time Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Surgery at Wayne State University. He had his computer engineering degrees from the University of Michigan-Dearborn.

Dr. Reisner is passionate about developing new technologies in robotics and disease detection, and bringing them to the real world. He specializes in Raman spectroscopy and medical visualization. He also teaches and directs student research in electrical & computer engineering, programming, and other related areas.

Previously, he worked as a software engineer and consultant. He has a US patent for “Intelligent Autonomous Camera Control for Robotics with Medical, Military, and Space Applications” (2016).

Ryan Seltzer

PhD

Ryan Seltzer, PhD, is the Chief Scientist at Translational Analytics and Statistics, and a Senior Associate Editor of the journal, Tobacco Regulatory Science. With a background in statistics and research methodology, Dr. Seltzer conducts medical research in urology and public health research in tobacco cessation. Currently, he leverages AI to create predictive models for optimizing outcomes in healthcare. Wrapping these models in interactive software, he designs applications for patients and providers to bring these findings into practice.

Dr. Seltzer has authored numerous peer reviewed publications and regularly presents his research at national and international conferences. He has won the Olympus Best Innovative Paper Award at the 2019 World Congress of Endourology.

Previously, Dr. Seltzer conducted public health research at the Mayo Clinic, has directed the Research and Program Evaluation unit at the Arizona Smokers’ Helpline, and has worked in biostatistics and business intelligence in healthcare and business organizations. Prior to working in statistics, Dr. Seltzer conducted research in primatology and ecology.

Abhilash Pandya

PhD

Abhilash Pandya, PhD, is currently an Associate Professor and Undergraduate Program Director at the Electrical and Computer Engineering department of the Wayne State University. He has joint appointments in the departments of Bioengineering and Surgery. He also directs the Computer Assisted Robot Enhances Systems (CARES) Lab.

He has also worked at NASA Johnson Space Center’s Graphics Research and Analysis Facility, Remote Operator Interaction Laboratory(ROIL) and Anthropometrics and Biomechanics Laboratory, under various Lockheed Martin contracts for NASA’s Flight Crew Support Division. He was involved primarily Space Station Robotics, Astronaut suit simulation, and the development of software for a fully-immerse human-model-based Virtual Reality system for Space Station applications.

For 15 years, Dr. Pandya focuses his research on medical robotics, Raman for cancer detection, and robotics applications for space and the military. He has worked for Virogen Inc. in developing solutions for robotics-based AIDS blood testing system from 1986 to 1988.

Shunji Nagai

MD, PhD

Shunji Nagai, MD, PhD, is the Surgical Director of Intestinal Rehabilitation & Transplantation Program, a Director of Surgical Research, Transplant Surgery, and a Senior Staff Surgeon at the Division of Transplant and Hepatobiliary Surgery at the Henry Ford Hospital

Dr. Nagai is a general surgeon in Detroit, Michigan and has been in practice for two decades. He received his medical degree from Nagoya University, School of Medicine. He is also certified by the American Society of Transplant Surgeons for liver, kidney, pancreas and intestine transplant.

He has contributed to various researches about liver and intestinal transplantation. In 2014, Dr. Nagai was awarded the Vanguard Prize for his work by the American Society of Transplant Surgeons.

Quoc-Dien Trinh

MD

Quoc-Dien Trinh, MD FACS, is a Co-Director of the Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s Prostate Cancer Center. Dr. Trinh is a Director of Ambulatory Clinical Operations at the Division of Urological Surgery at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. He is also an Associate Professor of Surgery at the Harvard Medical School.

His research focuses solely on cancer care, and is funded by the Vattikuti Urology Institute, the Prostate Cancer Foundation, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, and the National Institutes of Health. His works include over 400 peer-reviewed book chapters, articles and videos.

Dr. Trinh received his medical degree from the Université de Montréal in Montreal, Canada. Currently, he is the Associate Editor for health services research at the British Journal of Urology (BJU) International and Assistant Online Content Editor for the Journal of Urology.

Mahendra Bhandari

Advisor

Mahendra Bhandari (born 24 December 1945) is an internationally recognized academic Urologist and kidney transplant surgeon. Besides his own specialty, he has made substantial contributions in the application of information technology to the healthcare domain. He was the Founder and Vice Chancellor of MedVarsity, India’s first Virtual Medical University established by the Apollo Hospital Group in India in the year 2000. It emerged as one of the frontline global efforts to put medical education on the web. Over the past decade he has been deeply involved in robotic surgery, surgical innovation and the wider dissemination of newer surgical modalities, all part of his personal quest to improve patient outcomes.

With his in-depth knowledge of handling several large databases and data registries, coupled with a strong background in Biostatistics, he is one of the few healthcare experts well conversant with Artificial Intelligence applications related to healthcare. Currently, he is focused on development of Personalized Medicine to improve patient outcomes by building Personalized Predictive Models to predict critical events during the course of the illness of a patient. Another area of his focus is on how the application of Computer Vision and image processing can contribute to overall surgical excellence.

Dr. Bhandari was awarded the prestigious Dr. B.C. Roy award in 1996, and the Padma Shri by the government of India in 2000. After 47 years of meritorious career in India, he moved to the United States in 2006. He is currently Senior Bio-scientist and Director of Robotic Surgery Research & Education, Director of Basic Research at the Vattikuti Urology Institute (VUI) Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, MI and has been the CEO of the Vattikuti Foundation since 2010.

While in India, he trained in Urology at the prestigious Christian Medical College, Vellore. He has worked in senior capacities at the SMS Medical College, Jaipur; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (AIIMS); Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow; and at the University of Florida, Gainesville. He was appointed as the Director of Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences for two terms and was the Vice Chancellor of King George’s Medical University, Lucknow.

Dr. Bhandari served as the President of the Urological Society of India, Indian Society of Organ Transplantation and the Asian Society of Transplantation. He founded the prestigious Indian Journal of Urology and was the first editor from 1984-1994. The Journal is a peer reviewed, indexed, open-access and widely read source of urological literature. He served on the editorial board of several prestigious journals including the British Journal of Urology. He is the founder of the Center of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance – Lucknow, India and is an Honorary Professor there.

Dr. Bhandari was awarded his MBA from the Ross School of Business, University of Michigan. He also is a graduate in Biostatistics from the Harvard University Extension School. His “ O-1,special professional visa for persons with extraordinary ability” has been included in the exhibit “Many Voices One Nation” at the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of American History.

Madhu Reddiboina

CEO

Madhu Reddiboina is an accomplished business and technology executive with more than two decades of experience in entrepreneurship, management consulting, advanced analytics research and large-scale systems engineering.

As CEO of RediMinds, Reddiboina established a track record of applying emerging technologies to develop new software product businesses, building organizations and leading high-performance teams while executing with precision.

He is a passionate member of the global Artificial Intelligence community working with the best healthcare researchers focused on transforming patient care with clinical AI and care delivery applications.

Prior to founding RediMinds, Reddiboina was a Senior Director at FordDirect, where he led multiple big data and advanced analytics initiatives that directly contributed to a 300% growth in three years.

Previously, as a management consultant at Deloitte, he led several strategic and transformational initiatives to help CXOs with enterprise top line and bottom line. Through his global network of knowhow experts, Reddiboina is known for building and inspiring mission driven world-class teams.

Reddiboina holds a Masters in Computer Engineering from Wayne State University and a Bachelors in Electronics and Communications Engineering from Andhra University, India.

Mr. Reddiboina is actively involved with the state of the Art Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision communities such as medical image computing and computer aided interventions (MICCAI), Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) and various Deep Learning and Machine Learning communities.

Beth Chappell

Executive Chairwoman

Beth Chappell established a reputation early in her career as a pioneering technology business leader. Since co-founding RediMinds, Chappell puts her experience and relationships to work for clients.

For 16 years at AT&T Corporation, she oversaw a variety of functions including sales, marketing, engineering, operations and product management. Her roles included Global Services Vice President where she led relationship-sales efforts with large international clients — and Director, Network Deployment, when she and her team oversaw the $14 billion installation of AT&T’s fiber optic network.

She later formed the Chappell Group, a business consultancy focused on helping executives develop and implement customer-focused business strategies that resulted in profitable competitive advantage. After that Beth served as Executive Vice President, Investor Relations, Communications and Community Affairs for tech giant Compuware Corporation.

As President and CEO of the Detroit Economic Club for 15 years, Chappell led one of the world’s premier speaking venues, where she regularly interacted with the nation’s most significant business and government leaders. She bid the Club a fond farewell in November 2017.

Chappell sits on the boards of American Axle & Manufacturing Corporation, the Detroit Economic Club, the Detroit Regional Chamber, Detroit Zoo, Lawrence Technological University College of Management Advisory Board, Michigan/Israel Business Alliance, Michigan State University Southeast Michigan Campaign Cabinet, The Parade Company and United Way of Southeast Michigan.